Types
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So from that which has been proven to be impure are:
1 & 2: Human urine and excrement:
As for excrement (al-ghaa.it), then because of the hadeeth of Aboo Hurayrah that Allaah’s Messenger (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) said:
If one of you steps with his shoe upon something harmful (al-Adhaa), then the earth will be purification for it.
And ‘al-Adhaa’ is everything which harms/offends, from impurities, filth, rocks, thorns, and other than that.
And what is meant by it in the hadeeth is impurity (najaasah), as is clear. As for urine, then because of the hadeeth of Anas: that a bedouin man urinated in the mosque, so some people stood up to restrain him. So Allaah’s Messenger (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) said:
Leave him, and do not interrupt him.
He said:
“When he finished he (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) called for a bucket of water, and poured it upon it.”
3 & 4 Pre-seminal fluid (al-madhee) and ‘al-wadee’:
As for pre-seminal fluid, then it is clear, thin, slippery fluid which discharges when there is (sexual) desire. Its discharge does not itself give a feeling of delight, nor does it shoot out all at once, nor is it followed by slackness. The person may not notice its discharge, and this happens to men and women.
And it is impure (najas), and therefore the Prophet (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) ordered that the penis be washed from it.
From `Alee who said:
“ I was a man who had profuse pre-seminal discharge, and I felt shy to ask the Prophet (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) because of my position with respect to his daughter. So I told al-Miqdaad ibn al-Aswad, and he asked him. So he said:
He should wash his penis and perform wudoo.. ”
As for ‘al-wadee’, then it is a thick white fluid which may come out after urination, and it is impure.
From Ibn `Abbaas who said:
“Semen, and ‘al-wadee’, and pre-seminal fluid (al madhee). As for semen, then it is what necessitates a bath (ghusl); and as for ‘alwadee’ and ‘al-madhee’, then he said:
“Wash your penis, or: the parts of your penis, and perform wudoo. in the manner in which you perform wudoo· for the Prayer.”
5. The dung of animals whose meat may not be eaten:
From `Abdullaah who said: the Prophet (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) wanted to go out to the toilet, so he said:
Bring me three stones.
So I found two stones for him and a piece of dung from a donkey. So he took hold of the two stones, and he threw the piece of dung away, and he said:
It is something impure.
6. Menstrual blood:
From Asmaa· bint Abee Bakr who said:
“A woman came to the Prophet (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) and said:
‘If menstrual blood falls on the garment of one of us, what should she do?’
So he said:
She should scrape it off, then she should rub it with water, then she should wash it (all). Then she can pray whilst wearing it.
7. The saliva of a dog:
From Aboo Hurayrah who said, Allaah’s Messenger (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) said:
The purification for the vessel of one of you if a dog licks from it is that he washes it seven times, the first of them being with earth.
8. Animal carcasses:
Referring to animals which die without having been slaughtered in the legislated manner, because of his (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) saying:
When an animal skin is tanned then it has become pure.
And an ‘animal skin’ (ihaab) is the hide of an animal which has died.
And exceptions (i.e. to the condition of being impure)to that are:
(i) Dead fish and locusts, because of the hadeeth of Ibn `Umar- radiyallaahu `anhu)maa- who said: Allaah’s Messenger (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) said:
Two dead animals and forms of blood have been made lawful for us. As for the two dead animals, then they are fish and locusts; and as for the two forms of blood it is the liver and the spleen.
(ii) Dead animals which do not have blood which flows, such as flies, ants, bees, and their like.
From Aboo Hurayrah -radiyallaahu `anhu- that Allaah’s Messenger (صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ) said:
If a fly falls into the vessel of one of you then let him immerse it in it, totally. Then let him throw it out, for indeed in one of its wings there is a poison and in the other there is a remedy.
(iii) The bones of a dead animal, and its horn, claws, hair, and feathers.
All of that is pure, in keeping with the basic principle, which is that things are pure; and because of what al-Bukhaaree reported in disconnected form, saying, ‘az-Zuhree said about the bones of a dead animal, such as the elephant and its like,
“I met people from the Salaf of the scholars using it as combs, and as pots for oil. They did not see any harm in that.” And Hammaad said: “There is no harm in (using) the feathers of dead birds.”
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