خطبة الوداع (Khutbatul-Wadāʿ)
ايها الناس اسمعوا مني ابين لكم فأني لا ادري لعلي لا القاكم بعد عامي هذا في موقفي هذ
ايها الناس ان دماءكم واموالكم حرام عليكم الى ان تلقوا ربكم كحرمة يومكم هذا في شهركم هذا في بلدكم هذا الا هل بلغت
اللهم فاشهد فمن كانت عنده امانه فليؤدها الى من ائتمنه عليها. ان ربا الجاهليه موضوع. وان اول ربا ابدا به ربا عمي العباس بن عبد المطلب، وان دماء الجاهليه موضوعه، واول دم أبدأ به دم عامر بن ربيعه بن الحارث، وان مأثر الجاهليه موضوعه غير السدانه والسقايه والعمد قود وشبه العمد ما قتل بالعصا والحجر وفيه مائة بعير، فمن زاد فهومن اهل الجاهليه
ايها الناس ان الشيطان قد يئس أن يعبد في ارضكم هذه،ولكنه قد رضي أن يطاع فيما سوى ذلك مما تحقرون من اعمالكم.
ايها الناس ان النسيئ زياده في الكفر يضل به الذين كفروا يحلونه عاما ويحرمونه عاما ليواطئوا عدة ما حرم الله وان الزمان قد استدار كهيئته يوم خلق الله السموات والارض، وان عدة الشهور عند الله اثنا عشر شهرا في كتاب الله يوم خلق الله السموات والارض، منها اربعة حرم ثلاث متواليات وواحد فرد: ذو القعده، ذو الحجه، محرم، ورجب الذي بين جمادي وشعبان. الا هل بلغتّ؟
اللهم اشهد أيها الناس ان لنسائكم عليكم حقا ولكم عليهن حق. الا يوطئن فرشكم غيركم، ولا يدخلن احدا تكرهونه بيوتكم الا بأذنكم ولا يأتين بفاحشه، فأن فعلن فان الله أذن لكم أن تعضلوهن وتهجروهن في المضا جع وتضربوهن ضربا غير مبرح، فان انتهين وأطعنكم فعليكم رزقهن وكسوتهن بالمعروف، وانما النساء عندكم عوان و لايملكن لانفسهن شيئا، أخدتموهن بأمانة الله واستحللتم فروجهن بكلمة الله فاتقوا الله في النساء واستوصوا بهن خيرا الا هل بلغت؟
اللهم اشهد ايها الناس انما المؤمنون اخوه ولا يحل لامرئ مال اخيه الا عن طيب نفس منه الا هل بلغت؟
اللهم اشهد فلا ترجعن بعدي كفارا يضرب بعضكم رقاب بعض، فاني قد تركت فيكم ما ان اخذتم به لم تضلوا بعده: كتاب الله الا هل بلغت؟
اللهم اشهد ايها الناس ان ربكم واحد وان اباكم واحد كلكم لآدم وادم من تراب اكرمكم عند الله اتقاكم، ليس لعربي فضل على عجمي الا بالتقوى. الا هل بلغت؟
ايها الناس ان الله قد قسم لكل وارث نصييبه من الميراث ولا تجوز لوارث وصيه، ولا تجوز وصيه في اكثرمن الثلث والولد للفراش وللعاهر الحجر، من ادعى الى غير ابيه او تولى غير مواليه فعليه لعنة الله والملائكه والناس اجمعين لا يقبل منه صرف ولاعدل والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله وفي هذا اليوم امتن الله على المؤمنين
Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) delivered his last sermon (Khutbah) on the 9th of Dhul Hijjah (12th and last month of the Islamic year), 10 years after Hijrah (migration from Makkah to Madinah) in the Uranah Valley of mount Arafat. This historical event also marked the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)’s farewell pilgrimage to Mecca – it was the first and last Hajj performed by the Prophet, with Hajj being the fifth pillar of Islam. The Prophets words were clear and concise, touching upon the basic religious and ethical ideals of Islam with some of the most important rights Allah Almighty has over humanity, and humanity has over each other.
It was during this period that this verse was revealed:
ٱلْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ ٱلْإِسْلَـٰمَ دِينًۭا…
“…Today I have perfected for you your religion, and completed My blessing upon you, and approved for you Islam as religion”
In this final sermon of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), we find the following eternal values that every Muslim should adhere to: the of sacredness of life and property, honour and respect of the rights of women, upholding the 5 Pillars and the teachings of Islam, conform to racial equality and social justice.
After praising, and thanking Allah he said:
“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today.
O people, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust.
Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners.
Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you.
Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that He will indeed reckon your deeds.
Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity.
Allah has Judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn Abd Al-Muttalib (Prophet’s uncle) shall henceforth be waived…
Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.
O people, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you.
Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah’s trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness.
Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.
O people, listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Hajj if you can afford to.
All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety (taqwa) and good action.
Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.
Remember, one day you will appear before Allah and answer your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.
O people, no prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born.
Reason well, therefore, O people, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Qu’ran and my example, the Sunnah and if you follow these you will never go astray.
All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people”.
The sermon was repeated sentence by sentence by Safwan's brother Rabiah (May Allah be pleased with him), who had powerful voice, at the request of the Prophet and he faithfully, proclaimed to over ten thousand gathered on the occasion. Towards the end of his sermon, the Prophet asked "O people, have I faithfully delivered unto you my message?" A powerful murmur of assents "O Allah! yes!" arose from thousands of pilgrims and the vibrant words "Allahumma Na'm," rolled like thunder throughout the valley. The Prophet raised his forefinger and said: "O Allah bear witness that I have conveyed your message to your people."
Additional Hadith
Final advice to follow Quran and Sunnah
Ibn Abbas reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, addressed the people during the farewell sermon, saying,
“Satan has despaired that he will ever be worshiped in your lands. Rather, he is pleased for you to obey him in other matters, among your deeds you consider insignificant. Beware, O people! I have surely left among you what you must firmly hold to, by which you will never be led astray again: the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Prophet. Verily, the Muslim is a brother of another Muslim, the Muslims are brethren. It is not lawful for a man to take his brother’s wealth unless he gives it freely and willingly. You may not wrong each other. Do not turn back to the ways of unbelievers after me, striking the necks of each other.”
Lives, wealth, honor of believers made sacred
Abu Bakrah reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said in the farewell sermon,
“Verily, your lives, your property, and your reputations have been made sacred to you, just as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours. Will not the witness inform the absent?”
Hadith on Neighbors: The Prophet enjoins good in final sermon
Abu Umamah reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, upon his camel during the farewell pilgrimage, saying,
“I instruct you to be good to your neighbors!” The Prophet repeated it so much that I said to myself, “Surely he will make them inherit from us!”
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