Index Finger

Tanween and Noon Saakin are read in one of the forms of Ikhfa, Izhar, Idghaam and Iqlaab.

1. Meem Saakin - Ikhfa Shafawi الإِخْفَاء الشَّفَوِي

When the letter Ba (ب) appears after a Meem Saakin (مْ) there will be Ikhfa Shafawi. It will be pronounced with a ghunnah; light nasal sound in the nose for a duration of 2 harakah (2-3 second duration).

You will need to leave a small gap between the lips.

Example:

ب -< مْ

أَفْتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَم بِهِۦ جِنَّةٌۢ

2. Meem Saakin - Idghaam Shafawi / Al-Idghaam Al-Mithlayn الإِدْغَام المِثْلَين

If after a Meem Saakin (مْ) there appears a Meem Mushaddah (مّ), Idghaam will occur. In other words, the two Meems will become incorporated and be read with Ghunna (nasalization).

When a Meem As-Saakinah (at the end of a word) and a Meem Mutaharrik (At the beginning of the leading word) meet, it will be read with Idghaam with Ghunna.

Example:

مّ -< مْ

وَيَجْعَلُونَ لِلَّهِ ٱلْبَنَٰتِ سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ ۙ وَلَهُم مَّا يَشْتَهُونَ

3. Ithaar Shafawi الإِظْهَار الشَّفَوِي – Meem Saakin

When after a Meem Saakin (مْ) there appears any of the 26 letters other than the letters Ba and Meem, there will be Ithaar Shafawi. No Ghunna will occur.

All the letters after taking out the letter Baa (from Ikhfaa’ As-Shafawi) and the letter Meem (from Idghaam Al-Mithlayn) are the letters of Ith’har As-Shafawi and they are 26.

So if any of the 26 letters appear after Meem As-Sakinah in one word or in two words, it will be read with Ith’har i.e clearly.

Take into account at the place of Meem As-Sakinah with the letter Waw (و) and Faa (ف) to emphasize the Meem so as not to confuse the listener that one may have recited it, like reciting when there is the letter Baa.

Example:

24 Letters←مْ

وَكَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ وَمَا بَلَغُوا۟ مِعْشَارَ مَآ ءَاتَيْنَٰهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوا۟ رُسُلِى